Learning outcomes: After having attended the seminar, students should be able: a) to reconstruct the main aspects of the theories of progress that we have studied during the semester (see below); b) to critically present and discuss their presuppositions and their problems; c) to pinpoint their convergences and their divergences; d) to present the changes in the approach to history as progress that have taken place between the 18th and the 20th centuries as well as to expound on the reasons of these changes; e) to approach in the same terms those theories that have either put to doubt or rejected the conception of history as progress.
General Competences:
Production of free, creative and inductive thinking.
Production of new research ideas.
Working independently.
Team work
The idea of progress, according to which history is a unified process leading humanity to an always better condition, has been considered as one of the constitutive ideas of modernity and of its self-understanding. In this seminar, we will focus on some major thinkers, from the 18th up to the 20th century (see below), so as to examine, on the one hand, the core components of this idea and, on the other, the critiques that have been addressed to it. Our guiding questions will be the following: Which were the conditions that rendered the emergence of the conception of history as progress possible? How do these thinkers construe the relation between the present, the past, and the future? To which (social, political, economic, ideological, or other) factors do they attribute the status of factors that contribute to humanity’s advancement and/or the status of signs of progress? Which are the specific characteristics that the “better future” has according to their theories? Do these thinkers construe progress solely as linear and/or continuous, or do they leave some space for discontinuity, stagnancy, or backward movement? Which is the place and the significance of “evil” (war, injustice, past human suffering etc.) in this construal of history as progress? Which is the (past, present, and future) role that these thinkers of progress attribute to non-Western people and civilizations? Do they construe the progress of humanity as governed by laws and/or as heading toward an end, i.e., toward a point where the movement of history will have arrived at its completion and will have attained its goal? Concerning the thinkers who have criticized the idea of progress, we will raise and discuss similar questions: From which point of view and with what arguments do they put the pertinence of the idea of progress to doubt? Which problems do they pinpoint in this construal of history? After having rejected the idea of progress, how do they propose to think of history (for example, in terms of decline or of recurrence)? And which problems do these alternative conceptions of history have?
The seminar is organized as follows:
1.The idea of progress as a new conception of the relationship between space of experience and horizon of expectation. Historical overview. The guiding questions of the seminar (week 1).
In the last week (13), students present the drafts of their final essays.
Delivery: | Face to face | |
Use Of Information And Communications Technology : | In communication with students | |
Teaching Methods: | Activity | Semester workload |
Lectures, close reading and analysis of texts, presentation of texts by students. | 39 | |
Study of the bibliography | 160 | |
Essay writing | 60 | |
Course total:
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259 | |
Student Performance Evaluation: | Language of evaluation: Greek
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Related academic journals:
History and Theory. Studies in the Philosophy of History
Journal of the History of Ideas
Philosophy and Social Criticism
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